Project Vision

HemoLoop is not a static model. It is a functional attempt to recreate one of the most fundamental processes of life: continuous blood circulation.

The goal is to bridge the gap between theoretical physiology and hands-on bio-engineering by building a compact, controllable, and realistic dual-circulation simulator for education and experimental exploration.

Technical Overview

Anatomical Design
A realistic heart form (12 × 9 × 7 cm) was designed and fabricated using high-precision 3D printing, allowing internal compartments to house active mechanical components without compromising structural integrity.

Power & Actuation
The system integrates dual pumps, each assigned to a separate circulation loop, ensuring continuous, stable, and independent flow dynamics.

How HemoLoop Works

1. Dual Circulation Architecture

The simulator reproduces the two essential blood pathways of the human body using a four-tube configuration:

Systemic Circulation (Left Side):
Pumps fluid from the lung reservoir toward the body reservoir, simulating oxygenated blood delivery.

Pulmonary Circulation (Right Side):
Returns fluid from the body reservoir back to the lung reservoir, completing the circulation loop.

This separation allows clear visualization and analysis of circulation mechanics rather than abstract explanation.

2. Electronic Control & Calibration

To move beyond a passive mechanical model, an electronic control layer was implemented:

Control Unit: Microcontroller with a dedicated motor driver for precise timing and flow regulation.

Physiological Accuracy: Calibrated to operate at 70 BPM, replicating the resting heart rate of a healthy adult.

This design enables rhythm consistency and repeatability—key requirements for educational and experimental use.

Engineering Design Process

The heart structure was fully modeled using Autodesk Fusion 360, allowing internal optimization before fabrication.
This ensured:

• Proper pump alignment
  
  

• Balanced fluid pathways
  
  

• Compact and stable assembly
  
  

The design phase prioritized function before form, with aesthetics serving clarity rather than decoration.

Future Development Path

1. Real-Time Flow Monitoring
   Integration of flow sensors to provide live data for performance analysis and system validation.
   
   

2. Adaptive Control via Mobile Application
   Remote adjustment of heart rate and pump dynamics to simulate:
   
   

   • Exercise conditions
     
     

   • Tachycardia
     
     

   • Selected cardiac pathologies
     
     

This will transform HemoLoop from a simulator into a dynamic experimental platform.